Functional integration is one of the most powerful methods of contempo­ rary theoretical physics, enabling us to simplify, accelerate, and make clearer the process of the theoretician's analytical work. Interest in this method and the...

Functional integration is one of the most powerful methods of contempo­ rary theoretical physics, enabling us to simplify, accelerate, and make clearer the process of the theoretician's analytical work. Interest in this method and the...

Material particles, electrons, atoms, molecules, interact with one another by means of electromagnetic forces. That is, these forces are the cause of their being combined into condensed (liquid or solid) states. In these condensed...